Wheeled dirt-scraper



(No Model.)

W. L. PAY.

WHEELED DIRT SGRAPEB..

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

W. LAMARTINE FAY, OF ELYRIA, OHIO.

WHEELED DIRT-SCRAPER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 334,422, dated January 19, 1886. Application-med May 16, 1885. serial No. 165,729. (No model.)

To all whont it may concern..-

Be it knownthat I, W. LAMARTINE FAY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Elyria, in the county of Lorain and State of Ohio, have invented a newV and useful Improvementin Wheeled. Dirt-Scrapers, of which the following is a speciiication.

My invention relates to improvements in wheeled dirt-scrapers, or excavators for excavating, grading, or moving dirt, earth, sand, or gravel short distances by means of scooping the same up and then raising the same clear or free of the ground when being transported.

The object of my invention is to provide a wheeled dirt-scraper or excavator that will automatically raise its load, when desired, a proper height to carry and also automatically dump same, when desired, and leave its scoop, when dumped, in a suitable position for carrying, and in all of said operation cause no undue weight on the necks of the team attached thereto. I attain these objects by means of the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure I is a rear elevation of my machine with scoop dropped to the ground. Fig. II is aview of a vertical section of Fig. III in the dotted line x az, with the scoop raised, as in carrying a load. Fig. III is a plan view of my entire machine. Fig. IV is a detailed Y view of a wedge-shaped lever or dog for throwing the clutch out of gear` automatically when scoop is raised a proper height for carrying load. Fig. V is a detailed plan view ofthe draw-bar attached to scoop, showing its form and construction. Fig. VI is a side view of Fig. V, showing it attached to the broken section of the scoop. Fig. VII is a plan view of the part of clutch attached to inside end of hub to wheel, for the purpose of raising and dumping scoop when desired. Fig. VIII is an edge view of Fig. VII. Fig. IX is a plan view of that part of clutch rigidly attached to axle and working in connection with parts shown in Fig. VII. Fig. X is an edge View of Fig IX, and also of a sliding collar for operating the jaw or clutch shown in Fig. IX, Fig. XI is a detailed sectional view of the right-hand wheel, axle, and clutch, showing the relation of the different parts of the clutch to each other.

` Similar letters refer to similarparts through- I out the several views.

A represents a scoop, of any ordinary construction, for holding dirt or material, with hooks or other suitable devices for attaching a draw-bar near its lower edges on the sides and about two-thirds of its length from the back end. Near the center of its back end and upper edge it is provided with a suitable de` vice for attaching a chain. Said scoop is also provided with handles a a in the ordinary way, to be used in governing the same in filling.

B represents a revolving axle, which is supported at its ends by two wheels, C C, of any suitable size. and of suitable size to give the necessary strength-to carry any load desired.

D is a suitable pole, which is attached to said axle B by means of the hounds e e, which hounds are securely fastened to said pole at their forward ends, and attached to the axleB at their rear ends, and so constructed as to admit of said axle freely revolving.

F is a foot-board, of suitablesize and strength, rigidly attached to said hounds e e and pole D by any suitable means, as bolts or otherw1se.`

d represents the front end of a sectional drawbar, which is attached to the pole D at its front end by a hook or eyebolt, and its rear end (represented by d) is attached to the side of the scoop A, as indicated above. About onethird of the way or any suitable distance from itsrear' end said draw-bar is provided with a joint-one on each on opposite sides-that will permit of its freely bending up or down.

Said axle may be of any form` The' rear end of said draw-bar d is provided near its middle in length with a hole or other device, suitable for attaching a chain or hook. To said axle B is rigidly attached two spiral sleeves,b b, to which spiral sleeves are securely attached two chains, b b', (one chain to each,) the lower end of each of which chains is attached to the rear end of the draw-bar d', near its center, in the hole or other device, as above specified. These chains b b are used in raising the front part of the scoop.

c represents a ratchet-wheel, also rigidly attached to said axle B.

c represents a lever attached to the hound e or foot-board F, the lower end of which forms a dog engaging said ratchet c, and for the pur- IOO pose of preventing said axle B from turning backward, and it thereby holds the load or scoop in any desired position.

H represents a large sheave, also attached rigidly to said axle B by any suitable means. It represents a small sheave attached to the foot-board F. To the face of the sheave H is attached a chain, It', which passes forward around under said sheave H and small sheave 71, and then up and backward over said sheaves to the middle of the back end of said scoop. This chain h is for the purpose of raising and carrying the rear end ofsaid scoop when loaded, and is also used to dump same when desired.

'i represents a clutch, one part of which is rigidly attached to said axle and one part rigidly attached to the inside end ot' the hub of one wheel, which revolves the axle B when in gear by the wheel C revolving.

t" represents a forked lever, which works in a grooved collar attached to said clutch t', and is for the purpose of operating same. Said lever z" is secured to a support with a long bearing attached to said board F.

n is a wedgeshaped lever, attached also to said board F, and is so constructed as to fall into a slot in said clutch and disengage the same, as hereinafter further explained. Said lever a is also attached by a small chain to said lever i', so that it can be raised out of the slot in said clutch t by drawing backward on the lever i.

s is a small right-angled lever attached to said board F, and connected with said lever t" by a small rod, s', in such a manner as to draw the same back and throw the clutch out of gear when pressed from behind.

S represents an ordinary seat attached to the foot-board F. n

A detailed description of said clutch 't' is as follows: R in Figs. VII and VIII represents, respectively, a plan and edge View of that part of the clutch attached to the wheel, and consists of a circular disk of iron,with a series of openings formed in its outer edge by the projections r; or the same object may be obtained by lugs fastened to the sides of a disk. These openings or lugs form recesses in which a pin provided with a thimble engages. The outer part of said clutch, or that part rigidly secured to the axle, is represented in Figs. IX and X, and consists of a hub or collar, t, to be secured to said axle, from which radiate the arms t t', the outer ends of which are provided with the lugs t" t, for receiving other arms, u u.

u represents a jaw, which is provided with the arms a u, which extend to and are pivoted to the lugs t t". The free end of this jaw is provided with a projection, o, which is provided with a pin and thimble, a', which, when closed, projects through and engages with the lugs r on the outer edge of It. Said jaw is so constructed that when closed an opening or slot is formed between it and the cover o sufficiently large to permit the lever n to fall into the same.

o represents a grooved collar connected with said jaw u by a bolt or other device for operating same. It is in this collar that the lever t" operates.

o represents a cover or shield, so constructed that when this part of the clutch is fastened rigidly to the axle it will form a cover or shield to the part fastened to the hub of the wheel, (represented by Figs. VII and VIIL) for the purpose of excluding dirt and grit from same, and also constructed with a projection on one side or edge of saine, opposite to the end of thejaw u, in such a manner that when the jaw u is closed and the clutch is in gear a slot will be left between the two parts suffieiently large to receive the wedge-shaped lever n, and it takes the place of an arm extending upward in opposition to said jaw u, as would be necessary in case said cover or shield were not used. Through said cover is formed a hole, to permit of the working of c and o'. The revolving of the axle forward brings this slot in such a position that the lever n is drawn through it, and the part o being rigid, the jaw u is crowded oft' by reason of the wedge shape of the lever, and the clutch thereby disengaged.

The operation of my invention is as follows, to wit: When the scoop is dropped to the ground, the team is started forward, and it is filled in the ordinary way of filling a common drag-scraper by a man taking hold ot' the handles. When the scoop is full, the driver engages the clutch by the lever t", and the front part of the scoop is raised by the axle revolving and Winding the chains b b around the spirals b b, and at the same time the sheave H revolves and winds up the chain 71,,which elevates the rear end of the scoop. rIhe clutch also revolves with the axle, and all is so constructed and adjusted that when the scoop reaches the proper height to carry it the slot in the clutch i engages with the lever n, and its jaw u is forced open and the clutch thereby disengaged. The lever c', engaging with the ratchet c, holds said scoop in position and prevents the axle unwinding. During this time the chains b b', being attached to said drawbars, as heretofore explained, raise the same up into the position indicated in Fig. II, the parts dandd'formingncarlyarightangle. Thescoop is permitted thereby to fall forward until the forward ends of d d are pressed up against the lower side of the fo0t-board F and the load is nearly balanced under said axle. By varying the length of the different parts of said drawbar and its place of attachment to the scoop the scoop and load may be allowed to go forward any desired distance. Vhen it is desired to dump the load, the lever n is raised out of the slot in said clutch and said clutch re-engaged, and said wheel C,again revolving said axle, further winds up the chains b b and h', and thereby overturns said scoop and brings it into the position indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. II. When the scoop is sufficiently overturned, its edge strikes against the long IOO IIO

end of the lever s and presses it forward,which thereby operating through the rod s disengages the clutch; but the ratchet-lever c, operating in said ratchet c, holds it in said position. When it is desired to drop said scoop, the lever c is disengaged from the ratchet, which leaves the axle free to revolve,and the scoop drops to the ground by its gravity, and in so doing unwinds said chains b b and h and assumes a position ready for loading.

I have knowledge of scrapers being heretofore constructed with a revolving axle and chains attached thereto connected to unjointed draw-bars, for elevating the front end of the scoop, and I make no claim thereto.

What I claim as new, and desire to obtain by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. The jointed drawbars d and d,in combination with the pole D, axle B, chains b b', and rboard F, all so combined that when said scoop A is raised from the ground said drawbars d and d will forni an angle resting against said board F and prevent the scoop A from tilting or swaying in transportation,and which will also permit said scoop being dumped forward back of said axle, all as above set forth, and substantially as described.

2. The jointed draw-bars d and d', in combination with the chains b b', attached thereto, and axle B, all so constructed as to permit said draw-bars bending or closing up in such a manner as to allow the scoop A, when carried, to fall forward until its center of gravity is nearly under said axle, and also permit said scoop,

when desired, being dumped forward back of 3 5 said axle, all as above set forth, and substanstantially as described.

3. The jointed draw-bars d and d', in combination with the scoop A, all so constructed as to permit said scoop to fall forward when raised from the ground, all as above set forth, and substantially as described.

4. The combination of the draw-bars d and d', axle B, with the attachments above described, clutch, chains, wheels, pole, and footboard, all as above set forth,and substantially as described.

5. The clutch i', consisting of the disk or collar R and its counterpart shown in Fig. IX, with the radiating arms t t and lugs t t', provided With the jaw u,with its arms u u', projection and pin c, and thimble v', all as above set forth, and substantially as described.

6. The clutch i', as above set forth and described, in combination with the axle B and wheel C, all as above set forth, and substantially as described.

W. LAMARTINE FAY.

Vitnesses:

E. C. MANTER, T. S. FAXON. 

